“
“The dicentric Y chromosomes are the most commonly found in the structural aberration of Y chromosome. If the dicentric chromosome has completely symmetric arms, 4-Hydroxytamoxifen it is considered an isodicentric chromosome. The sites of breakage and fusion at Yp and Yq are variable, but breakage and fusion at the pseudo-autosomal region has never been reported. Herein we reported identification de novo isodicentric (Yq12) in a fetus. The fusion occurred at Yq pseudo-autosomal region very close the telomere and resulted in duplication of Y chromosome. The baby was grossly normal at birth.

In conclusion, isodicentric Y chromosome could result from breakage and fusion at the Yq pseudo-autosomal region.”
“Background and Purpose: Urinary oxalate excretion influences the development of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Urinary oxalate is derived from dietary sources and endogenous synthesis. Oxalate decarboxylase metabolizes oxalate and, if consumed, could theoretically accomplish this in the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to

determine whether a commercially produced form of oxalate decarboxylase (Oxazyme (R)) could degrade oxalate in simulated gastric and intestinal environments.

Materials and Methods: One buffer (pH 3.6) simulated the gastric environment, Nutlin 3 while another (pH 6.5), approximated the proximal intestine. Potassium oxalate (soluble form of oxalate) and whole and homogenized spinach (a high oxalate containing food) were incubated in the different buffered solutions, with or without Oxazyme. Oxalate content, after incubation, was measured using established VX-770 research buy ion chromatographic techniques.

Results: Oxazyme resulted in complete degradation of oxalate derived from potassium oxalate in the intestinal buffer; meanwhile, oxalate derived from potassium oxalate in the gastric buffer was profoundly digested by Oxazyme. Adding Oxazyme also substantially

reduced the oxalate content of both whole and homogenized spinach preparations, in either buffer.

Conclusions: These in vitro findings demonstrate that Oxazyme can metabolize oxalate in both simulated gastric and small intestinal environments.”
“Background: Physical activity patterns of a population remain mostly assessed by the questionnaires. However, few physical activity questionnaires have been validated in Asian populations. We previously utilized a combination of different questionnaires to assess leisure time, transportation, occupational and household physical activity in the Singapore Prospective Study Program (SP2). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) has been developed for a similar purpose. In this study, we compared estimates from these two questionnaires with an objective measure of physical activity in a multi-ethnic Asian population.

Methods: Physical activity was measured in 152 Chinese, Malay and Asian Indian adults using an accelerometer over five consecutive days, including a weekend.