Six reference lines were measured on the study cast: D + E space, arch width, arch length, intercanine width, intercanine length, and arch perimeter. For each participant, the D + E space of the contralateral intact primary molar served as a control. A paired t-test was used to compare the cast measurements between initial examination and 12-month follow-up. A t-test was used to compare D + E space changes with those of the control group. Results.  The D + E space of the extraction side after 12 months was significantly smaller than that of the control side (P < 0.05) and the initial D + E space (P < 0.05). A significantly

greater arch perimeter, intercanine width, and intercanine length were found after 12 months compared with the initial parameters. No significant differences were found, however, in arch width or arch length between the initial examination Carfilzomib price and the 12-month follow-up examination (P > 0.05). Conclusions.  The 12-month space changes in the maxillary dental arch after premature loss of a primary maxillary first molar consist mainly of distal drift of the primary canine toward the extraction site. Mesial movement of permanent molars or tilting of the primary molars did not occur. An increased arch dimension was found especially in the anterior segment (intercanine width and length). There is no need for the use of space maintainers from the results in this study

in cases of premature loss of a primary first molar. “
“International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2010; 20: 347–352

Aim.  To investigate the prevalence of dental Talazoparib purchase fluorosis in children who had participated in an oral health programme between the ages 2–5 years, including fluoride tablets from the age of 2 years. Design.  The study group consisted of 135 10- to 11-year-old children who had participated in the programme, including parent education, tooth-brushing instruction and prescribed fluoride tablets Adenosine (0.25 mg NaF) (2–3 years: 1 tablet/day; 3–5 years: 2 tablets/day). The prevalence of dental fluorosis in the study group was compared with that in a nonintervention reference group consisting of 129 children of the same ages. The analysis was based on photos of the permanent maxillary front teeth using the Thylstrup & Fejerskov (TF) Index. Results.  No statistically significant difference in prevalence of dental fluorosis was seen between the two groups. Forty-three percent of the children in the study group and 38% in the reference group had fluorosis, the majority of a mild nature (TF-score 1). None had a TF score above 2. The pattern was the same after correction for parent reported intake of tablets at 3 and 5 years of age. Conclusion.  Introduction of fluoride tablets at the age of 2 years did not result in increased prevalence of dental fluorosis. “
“International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2012; 22: 92–99 Background.