litura and A. aegypti. The LD50 values of chloroform crude extracts of C. decandra were less than
500 μg/mL (300 μg/mL–500 μg/mL). Among three organic solvent extracts, chloroform extracts were comparatively more effective against the third and forth instar larvae at very low concentrations. Three crude extracts with promising larvicidal activity, having LD50 and LD90 values being 421.9 μg/mL and 1052.6 μg/mL for methanol extract, 328.5 μg/mL and 645.3 μg/mL for chloroform extract and 892.6 μg/mL and 2019.1 μg/mL for ethanol extract, respectively against 3rd instar larvae, where as promising larvicidal activity having LD50 and LD90 values click here against 4th instar larvae being 671.2 μg/mL and 1595.3 μg/mL for methanol extract, 498.6 μg/mL and 1153.9 μg/mL for chloroform extract, 1792.4 μg/mL and 3584.3 μg/mL for ethanol extract respectively. The 3rd and 4th instar larvae of S. litura are more susceptible to the chloroform extracts of C. decandra. The larvicidal effects of crude extracts of three organic solvent (methanol, chloroform, and ethanol) extracts of C. decandra leaves were determined ( Table 3) against laboratory-reared 3rd and 4th instar larvae of A. aegypti. 16, 17, 18 and 19 The chloroform
Ixazomib manufacturer extracts of LD50 on 3rd and 4th instar larvae were below 400 μg/mL (251.2 and 309.7 μg/mL respectively). The 3rd instar larvae of A. aegypti showed more susceptibility to chloroform extracts at LD50 and LD90 than 4th instar larvae. The methanolic extracts of LD50 and LD90 on 3rd and 4th instar larvae of A. aegypti being 473.1 μg/mL and 981.5 μg/mL, 705.3 μg/mL and 1639 μg/mL, where as the ethanolic extracts of LD50 and LD90 on 3rd and Phosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase 4th instar larvae being 513.4 μg/mL and 1472.5 μg/mL, 974.3 μg/mL and 1883.1 μg/mL. The chloroform crude extracts of leaves of C. decandra showed promising larvicidal activity against S. litura and A. aegypti. This investigation demonstrates the potency of organic solvent extracts of leaves of C. decandra in controlling the wide spreading of fungal diseases and larvae and thus contributes
as an affordable way to control phytopathogenic fungi, S. litura and A. aegypti. This is explained by the different solvents properties, such as polarity that enables them to extract different type of compound(s) that results in different larvicidal properties. All authors have none to declare. Authors wish to express their sincere thanks to Prof. Appa Rao Chippada, Dept. of Biochemistry, S.V. University, Tirupathi, for providing necessary facilities and guidance to prepare extractions. Authors thankful to Dr. K. Prabhakar Rao, Scientist, Biotechnology Division, CTRI, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh for providing phytopathogenic fungi. “
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