Indeed, in Ndd-producing cells, the four loci assayed were clearly distributed at the cell periphery. This observation validates the differences observed in the localisation

of these loci in normal cells. This is, to our knowledge, the first successful attempt to localise the position of chromosome loci along the short axis of bacteria. The method used here involves assessing mean distributions such that general tendencies of positioning across the cells can be assessed, rather than rapid or transient GSK1904529A purchase changes in position. Indeed, the possible movements of loci during replication, subsequent segregation or gene expression are likely to be too fast to affect significantly the distributions observed in this way. Loci may thus have transient preferential cell width localisations, for instance at the cell periphery during segregation of newly replicated DNA [26] or during gene expression [27, 28], that our method would fail to selleck chemicals detect. The emerging view of the large-scale organisation of the E. coli nucleoid along the long axis of the cell is that it is organised from the ori region, with the left and right replichores recapitulating the genetic map on each side of ori and the ter region forming a less condensed region linking the two edges of the nucleoid [12, 13]. The chromosome also contains four macrodomains: Ori, Right, Left

and Ter, that occupy distinct chromosome territories and two less structured regions (NS-right and left) that are less accurately positioned

[9]. Our results have implications both the global replichore organisation and the macrodomain organisation of the chromosome. Loci located in the Ori and Right macrodomains (the ori and right loci) conformed to a random localisation model in the nucleoid width, suggesting that macrodomains do not occupy specific locations in the cell diameter. Thus, macrodomain territories only concern nucleoid length and not nucleoid layers along the width of the cell. The NS-right locus behaves differently from the macrodomain loci, suggesting that the different features of macrodomain and NS regions involve Lenvatinib datasheet a different positioning along cell width. The more central than random localisation of the NS-right locus may appear contradictory with the higher mobility described for this chromosome region [9]. We would stress however that there is no obvious direct link between the mobility and the mean positioning of a chromosome locus. The NS-right locus may still move faster but in a more confined region in the cell width compared to loci located in macrodomains. The ter loci shown a I-BET151 in vivo particular localisation in cells with a single focus: they were more peripheral than other loci. Comparison with simulated models indicates that these loci are excluded from the cell centre.