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“Background Reported adverse events (RAEs) are relatively common in the acute hospital and are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Dementia is increasing in hospital in-patients, however there have been few studies exploring risk factors for RAEs, in particular LY2835219 cognitive impairment and dementia. Our objective was to identify the prevalence of RAEs in older acute medical inpatients and associated demographic, clinical or cognitive risk factors.\n\nMethod: A longitudinal cohort study set on acute medical

wards in a large general hospital. We recruited 710 people aged over 70 years undergoing emergency medical admission. Dementia was diagnosed using operationalised DSM-IV criteria. check details Patients were assessed using standardised tools including the Confusion Assessment Method, mini-mental state examination, the Functional Assessment Staging scale, the APACHE scale and Charlson co-morbidity index. Data on adverse events was supplied independently by the hospital clinical risk department.\n\nResults: 8.6%

(95% CI 6.4-10.6) of patients experienced an RAE; 5.9% (95% CI 4.2-7.6) were patientrelated and 2.7% (95% CI 1.5-3.8) system-related (incidence rate for all RAEs was 2.1 (95% CI 1.7-2.8)) per person year of hospital admission. Median length of admission was 8 days (inter-quartile range 4-17 days). Patient-related RAEs were associated with male gender, delirium, mild/ moderate cognitive impairment and a FAST score of 2-6. Overall, 11.1% died during the admission-this was not associated with experiencing an RAE. Staff comments on incident forms indicated an apparent lack of understanding of the impact of cognitive impairment.\n\nConclusions: RAEs were MK5108 chemical structure common and associated with risk factors identifiable at admission. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“Cancer is the leading

cause of the death, accounts for about 13% of all annual deaths worldwide. Many different fields of science are collaborating together studying cancer to improve our knowledge of this lethal disease, and find better solutions for diagnosis and treatment. Proteomics is one of the most recent and rapidly growing areas in molecular biology that helps understanding cancer from an omics data analysis point of view. The human proteome project was officially initiated in 2008. Proteomics enables the scientists to interrogate a variety of biospecimens for their protein contents and measure the concentrations of these proteins. Current necessary equipment and technologies for cancer proteomics are mass spectrometry, protein microarrays, nanotechnology and bioinformatics. In this paper, we provide a brief review on proteomics and its application in cancer research. After a brief introduction including its definition, we summarize the history of major previous work conducted by researchers, followed by an overview on the role of proteomics in cancer studies.