[14, 15]. The majority of these

defects can be repaired selleck products safely with non-absorbable sutures without the need for a prosthetic mesh [21, 28]. With an increase in the number of laparoscopic surgery performed, it is likely that this complication will increase. It is therefore important that surgeons be aware of this potentially serious complication by looking to the diaphragm in the end of each surgical procedure [29] Conclusion Emricasan chemical structure Iatrogenic herniation of abdominal contents after laparoscopic fenestration of liver cyst is a rare complication. Iatrogenic diaphragmatic injury can be missed during surgery. Surgeon must take precaution to avoid it by precise dissection when using the instruments during surgery. The incidence of iatrogenic diaphragmatic hernia after surgery may be reduced if a final look of diaphragm is systematically realized at the end of each laparoscopic operation. Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. References 1. Fabiani P, Mazza D, Toouli J, Bartels AM, Gugenheim J, Mouiel J: Laparoscopic fenestration

of symptomatic nonparasitic cysts of the liver. Br J Surg 1997, 84:321–322.PubMedCrossRef 2. Farges O, Bismuth H: Fenestration in the management of polycystic liver disease. World J Surg 1995, 19:25–30.PubMedCrossRef 3. Crandall M, Popowich D, Shapiro M, West M: Posttraumatic hernias: historical overwiew and review of the literature. Am Surg 2007, LY2090314 in vitro 73:845.PubMed 4. Lin TY, Chen CC, Wang SM: Treatment of non-parasitic cystic disease of the liver: a new approach to therapy with polycystic liver. Ann Surg 1968, 168:921–927.PubMedCrossRef 5. Bai XL, Liang TB, Yu J, Wang WL, Shen Y, Zhang M,

Zheng SS: Long-term results of laparoscopic fenestration for patients with congenital liver cysts. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2007, 6:600–603.PubMed 6. Armstrong PA, Miller SF, Brown GR: Diaphragmatic hernia seen as a late complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc 1999, 13:817–818.PubMedCrossRef 7. Sugita M, Nagahori K, Kudo T, Yamanaka K, Obi Y, Shizawa R, Yoshimoto N, Shimada H: Diaphragmatic hernia resulting from injury during microwave-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy. Surg Endosc 2003, Dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase 17:1849–1850.PubMedCrossRef 8. Ajarmeh K, Qassed N, Amireh A, Shuraydeh Z, Shabaneh M, Khraisat K: Iatrogenic left diaphragmatic hernia as a complication of hydatid splenectomy. J R Med Serv 2010,17(Supp 1):75–78. 9. Boyce S, Burgul R, Pepin F, Shearer C: Late presentation of a diaphragmatic hernia following laparoscopic gastric banding. Obes Surg 2008,18(11):1502–1504.PubMedCrossRef 10. Testini M, Vacca A, Lissidini G, Di Venere B, Gurrado A, Loizzi M: Acute intrathoracic gastric volvulus from a diaphragmatic hernia after left splenopancreatectomy: Report of a case. Surg Today 2006,36(11):981–984.PubMedCrossRef 11.